← Back to all Levantine Arabic verbs
Root Verb
عرف
3eref
to know
ع ر ف
A standard Form I sound verb. Note the vowel syncopation in the past tense (e.g., 3reft instead of 3ereft) and present tense (e.g., bta3rfi instead of bta3refi) which is typical of Levantine phonology.
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Past Affirmative
أنا
I — "I knew"
How these tenses work
The present tense
Person prefixes, plus the dialect's marker for "now" or "usually".
The past tense
One stem, eight endings.
The future
One small prefix or word in front of the present.
Saying "not"
Negating verbs, nouns and adjectives.
Roots and verb forms (Form I–X)
How three root letters and a pattern make a verb.
Verb classes: sound, hollow, defective, doubled
Why some verbs change shape when they conjugate.